Aerobic exercise

nad mitochondrialinflammation redox

Not a regulated product. No approval pathway exists for this intervention in any market, and none is required to practise it.

1 trial had no control group; it improved its main endpoint. 4 other trials gave a different intervention (Hatha yoga; Mat Pilates training; Proprioceptive neuromuscular…; …) and are shown for context, not counted.

In people: 1 trial (252 people, 26 weeks). Doses studied: 4 min intermittent.

Evidence map

each mark is a study; size shows participants; hover, tap or focus for details

main endpoints improvedno effectworsenedmixedobservationalanother intervention, contextsize not reported

Higher rows are closer to a person taking this. A case that rests only on the lower rows rests on animals or cells.

What each study measured

outlined square: the main (primary) endpoint

Harms reported

human studies

Where it is available

by regulator; select a market for its source

If you are tracking this yourself

measures the human studies used, by how repeatable they are

Repeatability is whether the same person measured twice gets the same number. It is not statistical significance. It informs study or protocol design only, never advice for a person.

What would change this picture

each study's own statement

Trials under way

Every study (12)

T7 Asaeda 2026 Effect of seated aerobic exercise on physical endurance in long-term care recipients: secondary analysis of a cluster non-randomized controlled trial doi:10.1016/j.tjfa.2026.100184
T7 Welford 2022 Effects of yoga and aerobic exercise on wellbeing in physically inactive older adults: Randomized controlled trial (FitForAge) doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102815
T7 Kajbafvala 2024 The effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques compared to aerobic exercise on balance, fear of falling, and quality of life in older adults: a randomized controlled trial doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4962703/v1
T7 CHOI 2019 A Randomized Controlled Trial of Moderate-Intensity Circuit Band Resistance Exercise Program Improve Aerobic Exercise Ability in Older Adults doi:10.18502/ijph.v48i5.1830
T7 Jirapongsatorn 2026 Exploring the Interplay Between Core Stability, Pulmonary Function, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial of an 8-Week Mat Pilates Intervention doi:10.3390/geriatrics11020043
T5 Wei 2008 Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Adiposity, and Mortality, Reply doi:10.1001/jama.299.9.1014-a
T5 Lundy 2026 VO2max ageing and all cause mortality in a global cohort of multi marathoners doi:10.1038/s41598-026-52475-x
T5 Nauer 2020 Cardiorespiratory fitness and mnemonic discrimination across the adult lifespan doi:10.1101/lm.049197.118
TX O’Brien 2022 Aging, cardiorespiratory fitness and sympathetic transduction doi:10.18632/aging.204091
TX Stefan 2008 Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Adiposity, and Mortality doi:10.1001/jama.299.9.1013-b
TX Hayes 2013 A review of cardiorespiratory fitness-related neuroplasticity in the aging brain doi:10.3389/fnagi.2013.00031
TX Duizer 2021 Cardiorespiratory Fitness Assessment and Treatment for Health Span and Lifespan doi:10.54434/candj.76